We bid adieu to Avignon this morning, catching the high-speed train to Paris, and from there we took the Metro to our hotel, checking in a little after 2:00. We wanted to do some sightseeing, so we headed back out, got off the Metro at the Louvre, walked through the beautiful garden park out front (complete with Christmas village with carnival rides), and walked over to the Musee d’Orsay, where we bought tickets and stowed my backpack and got into the actual museum around 3:30.

I love the Musee d’Orsay. It might be my favorite art museum in the world. It is an old converted elegant train station, and the main floor and the two second floor wings running down the sides of the museum are dedicated to statues and sculptures. I’m a big fan of sculpture, so I wanted to visit all of the sculpture areas. When we got inside, Dubbs got excited about seeing a Degas special exhibit, so she went off to that while Mer and I looked around at the sculptures. They were pretty fantastic, and included several Rodins (I’m fond of his work). I really liked an art-deco-influenced sculpture of a polar bear, and a beautiful sculpture of a young woman called Aurora – the marble of her spread-out hair was so thin that light actually could shine through parts of it. Amazing stuff.

We still had time after seeing the two floors of sculpture, so we took a quick blitz to the top floor where the Impressionist art resides (as well as an overlook of the whole main floor of the museum). We then headed back downstairs, and used the last twenty minutes to look in galleries off to either side of the main hall, generally wandering to whatever caught my eye, which tended to be paintings that showed unusual or prominent lighting.  We were both struck by a painting called Jerusalem, by Jean-Léon Gérôme – it took us a few seconds to see that the foreground had the shadows of three crucifixions. It was a subtle and powerful work for us.

We met up with Dubbs, who had come from the art museum gift store, which is always dangerous for her. After eating supper at a restaurant across from the back side of the museum, we walked over to the Christmas village near the Louvre, where we spent time snacking on crepes and watching Paris play. It was a bit crowded, so we eventually walked over to the Champs-Elysees, toward the Arc de Triomphe, where we remembered a bigger and better Christmas fair from three years ago. It was a pretty walk, which is a good thing, since it turned out that the Christmas village was not there anymore – it seems to have been moved to the smaller version by the Louvre. Too bad.

And so ends our last evening in Paris. We head out on the long reverse trip, but happily without the three-hour train ride:  just Paris to Iceland to Toronto, then driving home. If all goes well, we should get home around 3:00 am Sunday (France time), a mere twenty-five hours in motion. That, along with several hundred dollars, of course, is the price we pay for European travel. We’ll have all of Sunday to get some recovery rest and to pet our kitties. We have had a grand trip with great weather, but I do look forward to my home routine. I love travel in Europe, but I miss my people, my routine, my bed, my normal food, and my kitties. Thanks for tagging along via the blog!

Before I dive in, this is the fourth Thanksgiving Mer and I and Dubbs have traveled together, and I am very thankful for the chance to travel. There is no God-given right to travel to Europe, and we are blessed to have the health, time, and resources to get over here more often than most people. We are very fortunate to live in a country where and in a time when travel is allowed and fairly easily possible. I was reminded tonight that our most recent Thanksgiving dinners have been: a French restaurant in Paris, an Italian restaurant in Lisbon, a Mexican restaurant in Amsterdam, and, tonight, an Irish pub in Avignon. Much for which to be thankful, indeed.

On to travel! Water, water, everywhere, and let’s add more. If you recall, I mentioned that the city of Nimes had a huge natural spring of water that supplied the city. Then the Romans spent years and tons of money building a thirty-mile-long aqueduct to Nimes, mostly as a power statement. The water system stated that Rome was firmly in charge of the area. The system fed Nimes with about one hundred gallons of water per second, which was used for fountains and wealthy homes and such. In building the aqueduct, the Roman engineers had to build multiple bridges to carry the water along, and the grandest of these was the Pont du Gard, most of which still stands today, two thousand years later. That was the destination today.

It is a Riordan maxim of travel that when you travel, you waste time or money or both. Today was some of both, as I did not rent a car for this trip, and the public transportation to the bridge consists of three buses a day at odd times. So we wasted some money and took an Uber car out to the Pont, and wasted time on the back end, as we needed to wait for about thirty minutes for the car to show back up. Such is travel.

But it was worth it. The Pont du Gard is more than just the bridge – there is a museum and a short film, and a park around the area, and of course the actual Gardon River that the aqueduct crosses. So the landscape itself is very pretty. The museum is solid, with displays on how the rock was quarried and moved and lifted into place, and a model of all the bridges that were made for the project, and topographical information to show that the water dropped all of forty-five feet over the thirty-mile channel. The movie was also decent, with great shots of the bridge, and comparisons to other objects (about as high as the Statue of Liberty or the Roman Colosseum).

But at the end of the intro material is the real thing, and the Pont du Gard did not disappoint.  From all the views we had of it, it was impressive, and we got to walk out along the bridge that was built next to it in the 1800s. Although we did not have the place completely to ourselves, there were few enough people that we had the bridge all to ourselves. Pictures from both sides were pretty great – either the aqueduct was in the picture, or the river and countryside were, or both. It was a fine day today, so we did not rush around.

We crossed over the river and walked up stairs to a viewpoint for really spectacular views. We could get up to the level of the top of the Pont on the way. You can’t get out on it during off season, which is disappointing, but it was an okay trade-off to have the place with so few people around.

We went back down, and Mer and I crossed over a bunch of uneven limestone floodplain rocks to get by the river, where we sat and watched the river go by. Dubbs stayed on the level ground, since her ankles tend to give out on rough ground. Again, a pretty day, and we took our time.

By then, it was about 1:00, so we grabbed lunch at the on-site restaurant, which, in European fashion, was a leisurely affair. By the time we finished lunch, crossed over the bridge, and got back to the visitor center, it was about 3:00. We called for the Uber driver, and finally got back to Avignon around 4:30.

After we regrouped at the apartment, we headed back up past the Pope’s Palace, past Notre Dame, and up to the top of the hill of the town, to the Jardin du Rocher des Doms. The views from up there are tremendous, especially of the old bridge and the river and the tower across the river. We watched the sun go down, and then explored the Jardin. It is extensive, and there was more to see, but we ran out of light, and the garden was not lit.

We headed back down into town, to go the the aforementioned Irish pub. We had a good supper, and a walk back home, and the finish of a good day. You can be thankful for simple things in life, even when those simple things take place on a different continent. Hope everyone had a wonderful Thanksgiving day!

Rome had the Gaul to leave tons of Roman-related sights around southern France, and a couple of the best ones are in the city of Nimes. After breakfast, we took the thirty-minute train to Nimes to see what we would see.

Beauty, actually. As soon as we left the train station, we walked onto a wide, tree-lined pedestrian way that ran over half a mile to a square with a fountain, and although the fountain was off for the winter, the long artificial stream running the entire length of the pedestrian way was still full of water. Since train stations are not always in the most scenic part of the town, the welcome-to-Nimes was pretty special.

As soon as we got to the dry fountain, which in itself was fun to look at, with sculptures all around, we could see the amphitheater we had come to see (Dubbs says NEVER to call an amphitheater a coliseum since that is the one in Rome). The coliseum in Nimes is the best preserved one in the world, since it was used as a fortress for much of the post-Roman history of the town. It is one of the twenty biggest, seating 24,000 spectators when it was built. Once again, we mostly had the place to ourselves. Other than a few workers, the entire place only had three or four other tourists in it, and they mostly were on the other side of the arena.

We had audioguides, which presented a description of typical gladiatorial games – highly anticipated combats that crowds loved, but that rarely ended in the death of the gladiator – gladiators were too expensive to train, and if one died, the sponsor had to pay a large sum of money to the school from which the gladiator came. The audioguides also had us climbing all over the place, to the point where we found ourselves climbing a ridiculously small staircase that came out on the top wall and top seats. We chose the seats and not the no-railing wall. The view was spectacular, with the coliseum in the foreground, the for-Christmas Ferris wheel behind, and a church steeple behind. All in all, we spent almost an hour and a half tromping around the place.

On to the next Roman ruin! Or not-so-ruined. We went on to the Maison Carree (“square house”) a few blocks away. The Maison Carree is the best preserved Roman temple in the world, again, because it has been in continuous use – as a church, a house, a storage barn, and more. The temple was dedicated to Caesar Augustus’ grandsons, and is, as far as I can tell, completely intact. There used to be other buildings all around the temple, but they are gone. The temple now shows a short film on the founding and Roman history of Nimes. The short version – the Celtic people who lived here chose to support Julius Caesar in his wars against the northern Gauls. They picked the winning side, and were granted status as a Roman colony, with Roman citizenship available to important members of the city.

It was a beautiful day today, so we sprang to eat on the terrace of the cafe at the museum that overlooks the Maison Carree. The food was fussy to my taste, but I ate Dubbs’ potatoes and had dessert, all while getting to look at the temple in the pretty square. The meal was pricey, but we were paying for the experience, and it was worth it.

We next headed toward Jardin de la Fontaine (the Fountain Garden). We got a good approach, walking along the canal that exits the garden, and so we got to see the garden unfold as we came up to it. The town was named from the name of the deity of the spring here, which should give you an indication of the amount of water we are taking about. This is not a fill-up-your-bottle kind of spring – it is a full lagoon, multiple pools, and running canal kind of gushing supply of water. All of this is at the base of a good-sized hill, so the gardens run up the slope. It is one of the prettiest urban parks I have ever seen. And it also has a Roman ruin at the bottom and at the top of the hill.

The “Temple of Diana” is a ruined hall of some kind that scientists agree was not dedicated to Dianna and was almost certainly not a temple. It is from the first century, and is still striking, and so was fun to explore. Then came the trek up the hill, which was not a small walk. At the top was the Magne Tower, a Roman tower that was once the highest point along the seven-kilometer wall around the city. The tower has lost the top story since it was built, but is still climbable inside, and gives a grand view of the city.

Back down the hill, through the amazing park, and back into the center (with a pause in a park to watch old men play boules, the French version of bocce, followed by a detour for pastry near the Maison Carree), all the way back to the coliseum, and to the Musee de la Romanite (the Museum of the Romans). The Musee tells the story of Nimes from the pre-Roman time up through the Middle Ages, with a long focus on the Romans, in chronological order.

It is an excellent little museum, combining two-thousand-year-old artifacts with modern technology. So they had mosaics, which were impressive, but then they would project close-up images of parts of the mosaic, or they would project in the missing parts of a fresco on a wall. On inscriptions, they would use projectors to deepen the contrast on the marble, to make it easier to read, and provided a translation (in French) under the Latin. They had a wonderful topographical map onto which they projected Nimes, showing the town at different times through the centuries (it shrank down for much of the post-Roman period). Finally, there was a display where you were virtually dressed in Roman garb, but it was done automatically. I may have appeared as a first-century woman on a screen. Fun museum.

That ended the evening in Nimes, and we caught the train back to Avignon, where we got take-away food from a food stall. We figured we had eaten “classy” at lunch. Too many meals like that and we could be ruined.

 

Breaking up is hard to do, unless you have a ton of resources at your back. From roughly 1300 to 1400, the Pope and his supporting bureaucracy moved the Papacy from Rome to Avignon. He moved because, according to the tablet-guides we used, “of political, religious, and economic reasons.” According to Dubbs, the Pope was kicked out. Either way, the Papacy was in Avignon, and the popes wanted to create a palace and supporting offices. In just twenty years, they built the old palace, and then subsequent popes kept adding on. But I get ahead of my touring self.

First, we started in the grand church next to the Popes’ Palace, Avignon’s Notre Dame. The church is very large, but not jaw-droppingly huge like St. Peter’s in Rome. It does have the advantage of being on a hill, so it has pretty views, and the golden statue of Mary on top of the church is huge, and very lovely. The interior of the church has many chapels off to each side, including one with a carved marble statue of Mary that is lit so subtly that we could not tell where the light was coming from. People were working in that chapel, setting up pews, so we could not get very close, but that was fine, since it left the lighting a mystery. One of the chapels also had a statue of Joseph holding Jesus, which is rare in my experience. There was a chapel with Mary holding the body of Jesus, and that chapel had the first black-and-white stained glass I can remember seeing, which was very appropriate for a chapel depicting the dead Jesus. Finally, there was renovation work going on near the entrance, and it made me smile that 80% of the multi-story scaffolding was hidden behind one single religious painting. That is one way to hide the work going on.

Back to the Popes’ Palace. It was home to nine popes, all of whom reigned for eight or more years; no “accidents” with this string of popes, and the election of the next popes went smoothly as well. It was not until there were competing Rome/Avignon popes elected that there were any issues, and I believe the Rome popes eventually won, ending the Avignon papacy, although the Pope did own the town itself until the French took it during the revolution in the late 1700s.

I had a first for me in touring – instead of an audio guide, we got iPad-like tablets which showed us a map of how to go through the rooms. This made my wife, who loves to see everything, very happy. Also, in each major room, there was a symbol that you could scan, and you would “time travel” back to the 1300s, and the tablet would show you what the room looked like at the time, virtually; wherever you held the tablet, it would show you that part of the room, with narration on the use of the room. It was really effective, but I had to keep reminding myself not to get so distracted with the virtual room that I forgot to look around the real room as it is now. Most rooms have lost their decorations over the last six hundred years, and most rooms had no furniture other than benches to rest on, so having the real and virtual rooms worked really well.

Some of the highlights? The treasury had hidden chambers under the flagstones for the most precious items and monies, and these floor panels were not discovered until the 1980s. It was an isolated room in the heart of the palace, and was protected by a wooden and iron door, which was still forced twice. The first time, the thieves were caught before they stole anything. The guide did not mention anything about the second time, so I assume they got away with some valuables.

There was a huge hall that was used for banquets. The Pope and the cardinals sat up front on seats, and any lowly visitors, like ambassadors and nobility, had to share benches down the hall. No one was allowed to leave until an inventory of the goldware and silverware was completed.

There was a pretty little chapel off the dining hall that was lavishly decorated with the story of a local saint. Someone decided later it would be a perfect room for a lead-smelting furnace, with a chimney through the roof. Happily, somehow, much of the decoration survived.

The large main chapel, used for important services during the church year, and for ceremonies like the election of a new pope, held an art exhibit of realistic drawings of (mostly) men, usually inspired by religious themes. They wore modern dress, and the artist hung the drawings on the sides of buildings all around the world and photographed the works and sometimes people viewing the work. It was very effective.

The tour ended on top of one of the towers of the palace, so we had grand views. Sadly, out of season in November, the rooftop cafe was closed, but we again enjoyed the entire palace with usually only two or four other people around. That was very useful in a few of the smaller rooms.

We were channeled though the gift shop, of course, and while Dubbs was picking out a few things for Christmas gifts, a tour group leader started asking Meredith some questions about where groups came out. Mer answered them as best she could, and only later did the woman come up and tell Mer that she’d thought that Mer worked there. Mer just has that kind of air of authority from years of teaching.

So, thumbs up to a great tour of the Popes’ Palace. Even after six hundred years and multiple uses by various groups, it is still very impressive (and huge – we saw relatively little of it, even though we took three hours).

After a quick detour home to regroup, and a leisurely lunch, we headed over to the remains of the Avignon St. Benezet bridge. It was the first bridge built across the very large and very powerful Rhone river, built, according to legend, by the inspiration of the 12th century shepherd boy Benezet (Benedict), who claimed that God told him to get the people of Avignon to build a bridge. They laughed at him, and told him if God told him to build it, then he should pick up a huge bolder and carry it down the river to start the bridge, which he promptly did. Alternatively, historians think Benezet may have been a 12th century entrepreneur who started a bridge guild to make money. Either way, the bridge got started, and was worked on, on and off, for several hundred years, and sections were washed away on a regular basis. Many historians think the bridge was never fully completed in stone, and by the late 1600s, the bridge was not rebuilt. Four arches still remain, along with the gatehouse and drawbridge. The views from the end of the bridge are very pretty, both looking up the river, and looking back at the town. The views down river mostly are occupied by the much newer car bridge.

We got our art museum fix of the day by going to the very small Musee Angladon. It is a collection of art from the 1800s and 1900s, with a few big names like Degas and Van Gogh in the exhibit. The collection was donated from the estate of a wealthy fashion designer from the early 20th century. There were only about eight or ten rooms of a few paintings each, which made the museum easy to see, even at an easy pace. We were there for slightly less than an hour.

We finished the evening by doing a back-street walk though the twilight of Avignon. It started at a swanky hotel, where we got tea (and hot chocolate) and pastries, while getting to listen to a piano and violin duet. It was lovely and relaxing. The rest of the walk was through small lanes and back streets, past a pretty church and Avignon’s one synagogue, and ending near a water wheel in what used to be a cloth-makers’ street where there had once been 22 water wheels. On the way back to a restaurant to get supper, we stumbled across a cat cafe, so we all fawned over the kitties on the other side of the window for several minutes.

Supper was at a good crepe place, and we were the only customers until the last five minutes we were there. We enjoyed our food, but oddly, the staff had one song on repeat, so we heard a 40s-style French singer over and over and over and over. As background music went, it was fine, but hearing it about fifteen times or more was getting a little old by the end.

That ended a solid day of touring in Avignon. Mer has put me in charge of the next two days, so the pressure is on to find fun and interesting things to do, even without the resources of the papacy behind me. Here is to more touring!

Late November is definitely off-season for tourism in the south of France. Add to that the fact that many businesses close on Mondays, and there can be some challenges because of this. But the off-season also brings some spectacular opportunities that you would never see in July.

We are staying in the town of Avignon, but we took a short train ride to Arles. Mer and I had been there before, back during our tour-the-whole-country trip with Mer’s parents in 2007. On that trip, we had been moving every day, which limited touring opportunities. Then, we only remember seeing the city’s excellent Roman coliseum, and that was pretty much it.

Today, we had the entire day. We walked in from the train station, pausing to look at the Rhone River, which is a working river with lots of large boats. We strolled into the winding streets of the old city center, and Mer remembered the hotel where we stayed back in 2007, and she was right (of course). The first real stop of the day was the coliseum.

Arles was an important Roman city, both for trade purposes and for supporting the winning side in Julius Caesar’s power struggle. For both, they were rewarded with Roman buildings, like a circus for racing chariots, a forum, a 20,000-seat coliseum, and a 10,000-seat theater. The coliseum is amazingly well preserved, and is still in use today for sporting events.

We bought a “Liberty Card” at the gate, which lets you get into four different sites and two museums, all for a price lower than seeing two things. Here is where the off-season fun began. We walked into the arena, and, other than one worker working in the nosebleed seats, we had the entire arena to ourselves. And two cats. Other people did come in later, but for a good ten minutes, we were all alone in the entire site. And, even after we ran into other people, it was a total of three tourists, in a place that can still seat thousands. It was pretty great. We sat up as high as the pubic is allowed for tourism, which is about halfway up the existing seats. That was followed by walking three quarters of the way around the place, and that led us to the medieval tower that can be climbed. During the Middle Ages, the coliseum was converted into a small walled town, with two hundred houses and four defensive towers. One of the towers is open to the public, and offers great views of the countryside. Since Dubbs (our friend Ami) teaches Latin, she was geeking out. A little.

On to the next site! We walked a short way down to St. Trophime Church, which is a twelfth-century building with an intact Romanesque facade that is crammed full of carvings of people on Judgement Day, and is open to a cute square with an obelisk in it. The interior of the church is worth seeing too, with multiple side chapels and several good works of art. We met a very friendly man who explained to Meredith the symbolism of a sailor’s cross (in French), and then Mer translated the gist. He was kind for taking the time to help us; I think he worked for the church in some maintenance capacity, but he was happy to talk with us.

From the church, we walked around the corner to the associated cloisters, which were included on our Liberty Card. The cloisters had an enclosed green space (formerly used as a graveyard), and was a quiet and pretty place to be. The covered walkways were heavily carved with statues depicting Bible stories and some local legends. In a surprise to us, the cloisters had three exhibits on creche (nativity) scenes – one room by talented amateurs, one room by professional artists, and one by artists from Mozambique. I liked creches from all three rooms – some were carved, some were done with needlework, one used gourds, and one was even made of tasteful finger puppets. We took the time to look at all of them.

After a quick lunch, we walked though a maze-like series of streets to soak up the atmosphere of the local town, on our way out to the Ancient History Museum on the edge of town. The lanes we saw were wonderful and cute and very effective in turning us around. We came out of them with no real idea where the river was and where the museum would be. Dubbs rescued us with her phone, which promptly sent us through a slightly dodgy neighborhood which seemed to have too many adults sitting around on a Monday afternoon. We did find the museum, however, and that was good.

The museum started with Arles pre-Roman, but someone (who teaches Latin) wanted to move efficiently along to the Romans. The museum excels there – probably eighty percent of the museum or more is Roman-related. They have excellent models of the whole town in different centuries, and ones of the coliseum, the circus, the forum, and the theater, all laid out in their (best-guess) original splendor. They have tons of pots, a bunch of sculptures, several mosaic floors with a suspended walkway to see them, and many sarcophagi from the early Christian period, but the showstopper is a 2,000-year-old river boat.

Archaeologists found the boat in the river in the early 2,000s, and the boat was largely intact. So began a several-year process of figuring out how to raise the boat (after cutting it into ten sections) and how to preserve the boat for initial prepping and for the long term; that involved soaking in resin and then exposing it to gamma radiation to cure any metal parts like nails. The boat was painstakingly put back together, and is now well housed in the museum, surrounded by objects recovered around the boat from the river excavations. It was pretty great getting to see the scale of the vessel, and they even had it partially loaded with the original cargo of rocks.

It was easier to find the river path for the fifteen-minute walk back into the city center. We were still in time to see the ruins of the Roman theater; admission was still on our Liberty Card. Yay, us! The theater is not in so good a condition as the coliseum, but is still excellent, and the theater is still used as such – it still has seating for 6,000, although most of those seats came from an 1800s renovation. The original Roman seats only go up eight or nine rows, but the original space in front of the stage still exists, as does one set of columns for the stage wall. There are lots of ruins around as well to give visitors some idea of the size of the backstage buildings.

The last free-to-us site was the underground Cryptoporticos, which were the support structures for the forum buildings. This one was a tad disappointing in that it is just a really really long and empty cellar. And old cellar, but just a cellar.

After checking out the Forum Square, which has the “Night Cafe” made famous by Van Gogh, and then looking around a small church next to a scenic overlook, we finished our evening in Arles with a good meal at an open restaurant that we stumbled upon on our way back to the train station. The downside of off-season travel on Mondays showed up when the first two restaurants we tried to find today were both closed, as was the case with the crepe place AND ice cream place we wanted to go to back in Avignon. Nonetheless, it’s still worth it, even if food can be a little harder to find.

 

Getting to Avignon was a bit of a trek – Ohio to Toronto by car, Toronto to Reykjavik (Iceland), Reykavik to Paris, and Paris to Avignon, with layovers in between. All told, it took about 34 hours door-to-door. With the time change and travel on both ends, it turns out to be four days of traveling for four days in Provence. That, at times made me wonder if it was all worth it, and if we should have just stayed in Paris or northern France.

It was not all travel. We cleared European Union customs in Reykjavik, so getting through the airport in Paris was easy. We checked where we were going to get our high-speed train for Avignon at 5:00 pm, and still had over three hours of time, so we grabbed a taxi to head into the town area of Roissy-en-France, the Paris suburb where the airport is located. We figured we could at least grab some not-at-the-airport supper.

The little downtown area of Roissy-en-France is cute – the taxi dropped us off on a small two-block street that had a few restaurants, and we ate at a small pizza place. After supper, we explored the area some, checking out a park and a cemetery. I know cemeteries are an odd thing to visit as a tourist, but we find them interesting – there are stories to be told in them. Here, a strange number of people seemed to die on the young side – 50’s and 60’s, although there were still a surprising number of people making it into the 80’s and 90’s. There were some WW I graves, and a section set apart for about thirty WW I and WW II graves that were specially set apart as a memorial. Some of the gravestones had pictures on them, and many of the graves were heavily decorated with lots of plaques and flowers. It seems as if Europeans visit and care for graves more often than Americans do, or it is a result of having slightly-raised graves that do not require lawn care – you can decorate them if they do not have to be mowed.

We also checked out the local church, which was open but empty of people. It was a good-sized church, but fairly simple inside, and was a quiet place to visit. We finished our little tour of the town by walking along the restaurant street to the town hall, where we waited by a fountain for our Uber car to take us back to the airport.

The train trip to Avignon was uneventful, except the high-speed train had to be moved over to slower tracks because of flooding on the line from heavy rains earlier in the week. As such, we got to Avignon a little over an hour later than we were supposed to, which is not encouraging when you are trying to stay awake. But, we got here, and as we walked through the largely-deserted historic center on our way to our apartment, as we passed through the gates of the old walls of the city, I was reminded of why I do end up traveling thirty or more hours to get to places like this. Hello, Provence!